A credit score is a three-digit number that represents your creditworthiness based on your credit history. Lenders, landlords, and other creditors may use your credit score to determine whether to approve you for a loan, credit card, or other financial product. A higher credit score generally indicates that you are more likely to pay back debt on time and may result in better loan terms and interest rates.
Your credit score is calculated based on several factors, including:
- Payment history: Whether you have made your credit card and loan payments on time.
- Credit utilization: The amount of credit you are using compared to the amount of credit available to you.
- Length of credit history: The length of time you have had credit accounts open.
- Credit mix: The variety of credit accounts you have, such as credit cards, loans, and mortgages.
- New credit: The number of new credit accounts you have recently opened.
The most widely used credit score is the FICO score, which ranges from 300 to 850. A score of 700 or above is generally considered good, while a score of 800 or above is considered excellent. A score below 600 may make it difficult to obtain credit or may result in higher interest rates and less favorable loan terms.
It’s important to regularly check your credit report to ensure that it is accurate and to identify any potential issues that may be affecting your credit score. You can obtain a free copy of your credit report from each of the three major credit reporting agencies (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion) once per year at AnnualCreditReport.com.
Increasing credit score
Improving your credit score can take time, but there are steps you can take to increase it over time. Here are some tips for improving your credit score:
- Pay your bills on time: Late payments can have a significant negative impact on your credit score. Make sure to pay your bills on time and in full to avoid late fees and negative marks on your credit report.
- Reduce your credit utilization: Credit utilization refers to the amount of credit you are using compared to the amount of credit available to you. Try to keep your credit utilization below 30% of your available credit. This can help to improve your credit score over time.
- Maintain a mix of credit accounts: Having a mix of different types of credit accounts (such as credit cards, loans, and mortgages) can help to demonstrate that you can handle different types of debt. This can be positive for your credit score.
- Check your credit report for errors: Make sure to regularly review your credit report for errors or inaccuracies. If you find any errors, dispute them with the credit bureau.
- Keep your credit accounts open: Closing a credit account can affect your credit utilization and the length of your credit history, which can negatively impact your credit score. Instead, try to keep your credit accounts open, even if you don’t use them regularly.
- Limit new credit applications: Applying for new credit accounts can result in a hard inquiry on your credit report, which can lower your credit score. Try to limit new credit applications, and only apply for credit when you really need it.
Remember that improving your credit score takes time and requires a consistent effort. It’s important to regularly monitor your credit score and credit report, and to make adjustments to your credit habits as needed.